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Being a foundationalist, Descartes needs to destroy the foundations of his beliefs so that in his Meditations he will be able to build upon new foundations of undeniable and self evident truths. In order to do this Descartes must first find a v ....

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... but their surroundings and actions as well. Although one can doubt that what they see or hear is not really as is perceived; a person can not deny that they are for instance, standing, thinking about how their senses are deceiving them, with their feet planted on the ground, in their bedroom, feeling a little tired and so on. Only if one was, as Descartes writes, “..insane, whose brains are impaired by such an unrelenting vapor of black bile..” that they believe they are something other than what they are, would one doubt reality, without an argument. The argument is as follows: If the experience of a dream is indistinguishable between that ...